Ôn tập Tiếng Anh Lớp 8 - Unit 7+ 8: Pollution + Englisch speaking countries

 ƠN TẬP ANH 8 
 (HỌC SINH TỰ HỌC Ở NHÀ)
UNIT 7: POLLUTION
I. Ơn lại phần từ vựng trong Unit 7
affect
(v)
/əˈfekt/
ảnh hưởng, tác động
aquatic
(adj)
/əˈkwỉtɪk/
sống/ mọc ở nước
billboard
(n)
/ˈbɪlbɔːd/
biển quảng cáo ngồi trời
blood pressure
(n)
/blʌd ˈpreʃə(r)/
huyết áp
cause
(n, v)
/kɔːz/
nguyên nhân, gây ra
cholera	
(n)
/ˈkɒlərə/
bệnh tả
come up with
(v)
/kʌm ʌp wɪð/
nghĩ ra
contaminate
(v)
/kənˈtỉmɪneɪt/
làm bẩn
contaminant
(n)
/kənˈtỉmɪnənt/
chất gây ơ nhiễm
dump
(v)
/dʌmp/
vứt, bỏ, đỗ thành đống
earplug
(n)
/ˈɪəplʌɡ/
cái bịt lỗ tai
effect
(n)
/ɪˈfekt/
kết quả
fine
(v)
/faɪn/
phạt tiền
float
(v)
/fləʊt/
nổi 
groundwater
(n)
/ˈɡraʊndwɔːtə(r)/
nước ngầm
hearing loss
(n)
/ˈhɪərɪŋ lɒs/
mất thính lực
illustrate
(v)
/ˈɪləstreɪt/
minh họa
litter
(n, v)
/ˈlɪtə(r)/
rác vụn (mẩu giấy, vỏ lon...),vứt rác
measure
(v)
/ˈmeʒə(r)/
đo
poison
(n, v)
/ˈpɔɪzn/
chất độc, làm nhiễm độc
pollutant
(n)
/pəˈluːtənt/
chất gây ơ nhiễm
radioactive
(adj)
/ˌreɪdiəʊˈỉktɪv/
thuộc về phĩng xạ
radiation
(n)
/ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn/
phĩng xạ
untreated
(adj)
/ˌʌnˈtriːtɪd/
khơng được xử lý
II. GRAMMAR
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (Câu điều kiện)
Loại 1: Diễn tả điều cĩ thật ở hiện tại: 
If + S + V(present simple), S + will + V (inf)
Note:	V + ............ + or + S + will/won’t + V + ............	
	=> Unless S + V + ............ , S + will/ won’t+ V + ............
	=> If S don’t/ doesn’t + V, S + will/ won’t+ V + ............
Eg:	Study hard or you will fail the exam.
	=>Unless you study hard, you will fail the exam.
	=>If you don’t study hard,you will fail the exam.
Ghi chú:- Sau mệnh đề If hoặc mệnh đề Unless phải cĩ dấu phẩy (,)
	- Sau Unless khơng được dùng dạng phủ định
Loại 2: Điều kiện khơng cĩ thật ở hiện tại:
- Câu điều kiện loại 2 diễn tả sự việc, hiện tượng khơng thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
If +S + V (past simple), S + would + V (inf)
Eg:	- If I were / was rich, I would travel around the world.
	- If I had money, I would buy the car.
I. Multiple choice
1. Household and farming chemicals .air pollution.
A. lead in	B. result to	C. cause	D. causes
2. Sudden changes in water temperature can ________ mass killings of fish and plants.
A. come up	B. result in	C. dump into	D. thank to
3. Skin disorders happensradioactive pollution
A. because	B. due to	C. since	D. so
4. Humans can even die if they drink .water
A. contaminate	B. contamination 	C. contaminant 	D. contaminated
5. ________are chemicals that are used to kill weeds.
A. Fertilizers	B. Pesticides	C. Herbicides	D. Pollutants
6. Since the parents were exposed radiation, their children have birth defects.
A. for 	B. to	C. with 	D. of
7. Holes in ozone layer can result . skin cancer.
A. of	B. on	C. in	D. to
8. After the accident, many people were exposed________ radiation.
A. from	B. at	C. to	D. with
9. Thermal pollution .. the temperature of a river go up.
A. makes	B. cause	C. lead to	D. result in
10. I've an idea about our environmental project
A. led to	B. come up with 	C. given 	D. caused
11. I've an idea about our environmental project
A. led to	B. come up with 	C. given 	D. caused
12. Water pollution________ the death of fish in the lake.
A. occurs	B. results of	C. comes	D. leads to
13. Light pollution has negative effects ________ human health.
A. on	B. of	C. for	D. to
14. Many flights were cancelled ________ the smoke from forest fires.
A. so	B. because	C. because of	D. result in
15. The river water is polluted mostly ________ the dumping of sewage.
A. due to	B. lead to	C. because	D. so
16. The air has been pollutedemissions(sự phát ra) from car engines.	
A. since	B. because	C. because of	D. due of
17.  can also be considered as loss of sight that cannot be corrected to a normal level with eyeglasses.
A. vision loss 	B. hearing loss 	C. loss of smell 	D. loss of taste
18. If you experience noise pollution for a long time, you can have headaches, high blood pressure and .
A. hearing loss.	B. loss of vision	C. loss of taste	D. loss of smell
19. Polluted water also causes the death of ..animals such as fish, crabs, or birds.
A. aquatic 	B. land	C. amphibians	D. overhead
20. ________can cause high blood pressure and hearing problems.
A. Air pollution 	B. Light pollution 	C. Water pollution 	D. Noise pollution
21. . ________ plastic takes so long to break down, it pollutes the land and ocean.
A. Because	B. Due to	C. Even if	D. Although
22. If rubbish is non-biodegradable, it________ forever.
 A. exists	B. will exist	C. won’t exist	D. doesn’t exist
23. Grace didn’t love nature, ________ she wasn’t happy when her group went camping in a jungle.
A. but	B. and	C. because	D. so
24. Thousands of fish were killed ________ a discharge (sự phĩng , chảy ra)of poisonous chemicals from a nearby factory.
A. because	B. lead to	C. result in	D .because of
23. ________the fog, the flight can’t take off.
A. Since	B. Because	C. Due to	D.In spite of
25. ________the garbage dump smells terrible, no one lives around there.
A. Because of 	B. Since	C. Although	D. Even though
26. Acid rain can lead.atmospheric pollution.
A. of	B. to	C. in	D. from
27. The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have risen________ the burning of fossil fuels.
A. therefore	B. because	C. in spite of	D. due to
28. ________the airport is near our neighborhood, we must suffer from noise pollution every day.
 A. Since	B. Although	C. Unless	D. Due to
29. There would be much less pollution________ people stopped using cars completely.
A. if	B. since	C. when	D. although
30. Emissions of pollutants into the air can________ changes to the climate.
A. get on	B. end up	C. go into	D. result in
II. Use Conditional sentences, Type 1 or2
1. If you see Mary today, please (ask).. her to call me.
These plants (die) .if you do not water them regularly.
2. If the air in a city (get) very polluted, it can make people’s eyes burn.
3. I could understand the French teacher if she (speak).... more slowly.
4. If people stopped using cars completely, there.be) much less pollution.
5. I (accept). if they invite me to the party.
6. If she (not be) busy, she would have come to the party. 
7. Unless you	all of my questions, I can’t do anything to help you.
8. If we dump all sorts of Chemicals into rivers, we. (not be) able to swim in them in the future.
9. Many fish wouldn’t die if factories..(not dump) so many Chemicals into rivers and oceans.
10. If we all use public transport more, wehelp) reduce air pollution.
11. I would not have get wet if I (wear) a raincoat.
12. The amount of waste ..(decrease) if people started to buy reusable packages.
13. If we (invite).... her, she could go dancing with us.
14. Many wildlife habitats will be destroyed if people(keep) polluting the environment.
15. Unless they (pass) their examinations, they would join the army.
16. If the milkman (come), tell him to leave two pints.
17. I (call). the office if I were you.
18. What you (do).. if you hear the burglar alarm?
19. If people.(not be) so careless, Earth wouldn’t be in danger.
20. If Tom (go)to bed earlier, he would not be so tired.
21. My dog always wakes me up if he (hear) ...strange noise.
	UNIT 8: ENGLISH SPEAKING COUNTRIES
aborigines
(n)
/ˌỉbəˈrɪdʒəniz/
thổ dân
absolutely
(adv)
/ˈỉbsəluːtli/
tuyệt đối, chắc chắn
accent
(n)
/ˈỉksent//ˈỉksent/
giọng điệu
awesome
(adj)
/ˈɔːsəm/
tuyệt vời
cattle station
(n)
/ˈkỉtl ˈsteɪʃn/
trại gia súc
ghost
(n)
/ɡəʊst/
Ma
haunt
(v)
/hɔːnt/
ám ảnh
icon
(n)
/ˈaɪkɒn/
biểu tượng
kangaroo
(n)
/ˌkỉŋɡəˈruː/
chuột túi
koala
(n)
/kəʊˈɑːlə/
gấu túi
kilt
(n)
/kɪlt/
váy ca-rơ của đàn ơng Scotland
legend
(n)
/ˈledʒənd/
huyền thoại
loch
(n)
/lɒk/
hồ (phương ngữ ở Scotland)
official
(adj)
/əˈfɪʃl/
chính thống/ chính thức
parade
(n)
/pəˈreɪd/
cuộc diễu hành
puzzle
(n)
/ˈpʌzl/
trị chơi đố
schedule
(n)
/ˈʃedjuːl//ˈskedʒuːl/
lịch trình, thời gian biểu
Scots/ Scottish
(n)
/skɒts/ /ˈskɒtɪʃ/
người Scotland
state
(n)
/steɪt/
Bang
unique
(adj)
/juˈniːk/
độc đáo, riêng biệt
Improve (v) °improvement (n):[im'pru:v]	cải tiến, cải thiện 
 Official 	(a): [ə'fi∫l]	chính thức 
Difficulty 	(n) °difficult (a):	
To look forward to + V-ing:	trơng mong, chờ đợi 
GRAMMAR REVIEW
I. Present simple tense
Form:	S + V (He/ She/ It + Vs/ Ves/ Vies)
Use:	We use present simple tense to:
-Describe regular events.
Ex: I get up at seven o’clock (everyday).
-Describe regular truths and states.
Ex: The Earth goes around the Sun.
-Describe future events; something considered as a fact, an agreement or a plan
Ex: Tet holiday this year lasts up to 9 days.
II. Present continuous tense	
Form:	S + am/ is/ are + V-ing
Usage
+ To talk about the temporary situations:
Ex: My cousin is living in America at the moment.
Adverbs of time are often used: at the moment; currently; now; this week/ month/ year
+ To talk about actions happening at the moment of speaking
Ex: I am waiting for my friends.
+ To talk about trends or changing situations
Ex: The internet is making it easier for people to stay in touch with each other.
III. Present perfect tense
+ Talk about an action that happened at an unspecified time in the past. We don’t state when it happened.
+ Talk about an action that has just or already happened. (The results related to present or in the future)
Adverbs of time are often used: just; already; for; since; ever; never; not.. yet.
x: I’ve collected plenty of information.